A-I versus ET -- a very good question fairly easily answered.
Number one -- Dexterity is an all time must -- this takes alot of FEEL if you will.
In A-I, very seldom do I (Most of us as well) worry about using sterilized sheaths and covers for them. Good diligence will get the job done quite well with out introduction of material into the vaginal and cervical canals. Deposition of semen is at the target site called the Ascerix (Forward end or taper), and that is as far as you would go with an A-I gun.
In ET, first of all you must palpate or ultrasound for a funtional CL on one of the ovaries, this takes a fair amount of practice. After the CL is located and graded, an epidural is usually given, I know I always use one for my transfers, some do not.
An embryo loaded into a 1/4 ml straw and placed in a sterile sheath with protector is then inserted into the vagina like A-I. Once you reach the cervix, a gentle tug on the cover will let the gun thru and then can be placed thru the cervix as usual.
Once thru the cervix, you must negotiate your way into the selected horn by gently bi-passing the bifurcation (Flap of skin dividing the horns internaly) Care must be taken not to cause trauma here. If you divide the uterus from the cervix to the fallopian tubal junction into 4 parts, your transfer target is within the 3rd section forward of the cervix. This is about 6-8 inches PAST where you normaly deposit semen in most cows. Keeping in mind that you must straighten the uterin horn ahead of the gun and prevent puncture or pressure trauma, you slide up to the transfer point while holding the horn straight, and gently deposit the embryo alot like you would semen.
Cause for concern -- bacterial introduction and trauma. Any blood or bruising of the transfer site will in most cases prevent pregnancy.
I remember in the beginning that I personally transfered almost 50 eggs before getting the first pregnancy -- but remember back in the early 80's we had much less technology that today -- but the bottom line is that it iwll take considerable practice for most people to get good at it. I wouldn't call it hard to learn so much as it just takes alot of practice!
Sorry for the long reply -- and hope tht will answer your question as to the differences. There are several as you can see!
Terry