Y Chromosome

[librarian]

I can get only a blurry picture of the importance of the Y chromosome in regulating genetic expression relative to environmental triggers.
If the Y is passed only to males, and the Y is dense with regulatory coding, would this suggest that bulls only pass on new change to their sons? And that X Chromosome cannot pull the same switches on or off.... So XX is more at an advantage for change from recombination. but disadvantaged in terms of reactivity to environment?
Grasping this idea is about like holding onto a flipping fish for me.

 

[BroncoFan]

Going back to my genetics class in college, yes some traits are sex-linked and some are autosomal which means can come from either parent. It's when you start getting crossovers, deletions, duplications, etc that you can get mutations.

 

[knabe]

Lots we don't know.  Wish I was about to enter graduate school. Students looking to stay in animal science at the graduate level have a lot of fun stuff to study.

http://www.rbej.com/content/12/1/85


http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4107683/


http://www.stembook.org/node/486


http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.2164/jandrol.109.008128/asset/jandrol.109.008128.pdf;jsessionid=F1B770FFE1229AACE042A4B037EB44DA.f02t02?v=1&t=i5cxhgth&s=86c791acbc330749a3ffe7cfc7bee4b579d70b27


http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ab/2014/179701/


http://www.nature.com/nrg/journal/v12/n2/glossary/nrg2904.html

 

[librarian]

Trying to see the part that applies to heredity in cattle and if the environmental dependent Y regulation passed onto females by their sire can only come from their maternal grandsire?
Your links remind me of my theory that AI alters gene expression.
I have another theory that ET shortens life span.

from http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ab/2014/179701/
However, very little is known about how sperm processing can affect the cells’ epigenetic status. ...If as current research suggests the gametes are the vessels and either RNA carriage or DNA methylation is the vectors of transgenerational information, then being taken out of context (the body), gametes may open another “epigenetic programming window” that could inadvertently introduce subtle changes affecting the epigenetic signature.

from http://www.jgenomics.com/v02p0094.htm
Finally, the Y chromosome also affects gene expression through mechanisms that are reminiscent of genomic imprinting [69]. The imprinting of the Y modulates the epigenetic process of dosage compensation and paternal imprinting increases the regulatory ability of the Y [70]. Males of D. melanogaster that differ only in the maternal or paternal origin of X and Y chromosomes exhibit differential expression in hundreds of genes mainly in testis and midgut cells [68]. These studies suggest that the Y-chromosome is differentially modified in the epigenetic context of the male testis and female ovary, with widespread consequence to the rest of the genome.
.... In conclusion, the Y chromosome and its cryptic variation is expected to be important sources of adaptive and non-adaptive phenotypic variation in Drosophila as well as mammals. Altogether, the regulatory role of the Y chromosome is bound to be crucial in shaping how this chromosome has evolved, its current phenotypic consequences, and its long-term fate.