Here's a link for you. I did this up, hoping it would be helpful.
http://easygenes.blogspot.com/
To start off, dominant means you only need one gene for the trait to be expressed
Recessive means that you need 2 genes (Homozygous) for the trait to be expressed. Recessive is where you get the surprises, like a red calf out of two black parents, or a spotted calf out of 2 solid parents. Recessive genes can hide for generations. If a cow is carrying a recessive gene, she would pass it on 50% of the time, but you would never know, until she was bred to another carrier who passed the gene on also, whether she carried the gene or not.
Black is dominant to red, these are the base colors (there's another base color too, it's called the "wild type") EVERY animal is either RED, BLACK or WILD colored. All other colors are the result of another set of genes working IN ADDITION TO the base coat color.
Black is like Black Angus
Red is like Red Angus or Hereford
Wild is like Jersey, Tarentaise and it is also found somewhat in the Angus and Red Angus breeds.
Dilution, thats where you get your greys and tans works in addition to black or red. There are several different dilution genes..
Roan is dominant to solid color, and if it's homo, you get white.
Some spot genes are dominant to solid, and some are recessive.
Hereford pattern (baldy) is dominant to solid
Spots like Shorthorn, Holstien and Simmental are recessive.
Spots like Longhorn, White park and some others (Color sided) are dominant.
Brindle is dominant to solid colored